It would probably have been easier had Intel just renamed the socket, but now we can confirm that there are indeed changes in the pin layout. The chip giant released new diagrams and they show the VSS (ground) pins increased in number from 377 to 391, the VCC (power) pins are up from 128 to 146 and the number of RSVD (aka spare pins) reduced from 46 to 25.
So this is why you can't plug a Coffee Lake-S CPU into a Z270 motherboard. For clearity, Intel should probably have named the new socket something like LGA1151v2 as that more accurately decribes the new situation.
Intel's #CoffeeLake pin changes:
— David Schor (@david_schor) October 2, 2017
Kaby Lake -> Coffee Lake
VSS (Ground): 377 -> 391 (+14)
VCC (Power): 128 -> 146 (+18)
RSVD: 46 ->25 pic.twitter.com/wu8sWLZHWZ