VideoCardz explains how it works over here. Technically, it isn't really overclocking but adjusting the timing these processors run at an increased power load. In simple terms, it means the CPU will run at a higher Boost frequency.
More importantly, the duration turbo state is allowed to continue is defined by Tau. For the 10th Gen Core K-series, this value is 56 seconds. In reality, Tau is just a recommendation. Motherboard manufacturers can set this value to, let’s say, 999 and basically allow the turbo to persist for an infinite time.So far, it doesn't seem like Intel is cracking down on this but that may change of course.
By adjusting Tau, PL1 and PL2 manufacturers are allowed to keep Intel Core processors run at higher power for a longer period of time. This feature is being used by manufacturers with B460 and H470 motherboards. These are the chipsets designed for non-K Core processors (overclocking locked). It means that despite not being able to change the clock of the processor, an increased power limit will still make them run with at higher turbo frequency.